Types of hepatitis
Viral hepatitis
By far the most well known, and one of the leading public-health problems worldwide, is viral hepatitis. There are several different types of viruses that cause hepatitis, and they are transmitted through different means. The common hepatitis viruses are designated A, B, C, D, and E.
Most commonly transmitted by the orofecal route, such as contaminated food, hepatitis A does not typically have a chronic stage and will not cause permanent liver damage. The patient's immune system makes antibodies against hepatitis A that confer immunity against future infection. A vaccine is available that will prevent infection from hepatitis A for approximately 15-30 years.
symptoms of hepatitis
Not all cases of hepatitis show symptoms. This is especially true in young children who are infected with the hepatitis A virus, and the majority (~80%) of people infected with the hepatitis C virus. When symptoms do exist, they include:
* Fatigue
* Fever
* Abdominal pain
* Nausea
* Diarrhea
* Appetite loss
* Jaundice, a yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes.
There is no specific treatment for hepatitis A. Sufferers are advised to rest, avoid fatty foods and alcohol (these may be poorly tolerated for some additional months during the recovery phase and cause minor relapses), eat a well-balanced diet, and stay hydrated. Approximately 15% of people diagnosed with hepatitis A may experience one or more symptomatic relapse(s) for nine months to a year after contracting this disease.
Prevention
Hepatitis A can be prevented by good hygiene and sanitation. Vaccination is also available, and is recommended in areas where the prevalence of hepatitis A is high. To prevent it, use your own towels and toothbrushes, eating utensils, and other personal products. Always wash your hands after and before eating and more importantly after using the toilet.
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